Words with double consonants are some of the most difficult to spell. The thing is that these letters are not pronounced as a pair. As a rule, only one sound sounds in their place. Hence the difficulty - the inability to notice the spelling. That is why spelling of words with double consonants begins in elementary school and ends only in the 7th grade. There are quite a lot of rules governing this spelling: they relate to the spelling of various parts of the word. Particular attention should be paid to those words where doubled consonants are at the junction of morphemes.
Fundamentally
Words with a root, as a rule, belong to the category of dictionary words (their spelling should be remembered). In Russian this combination is LJ And ss.
So, the words “burning”, as well as “reins” or “yeast” must be remembered - they do not obey any rule. Here you need to be especially careful and keep in mind that consonants - zg(d)/-zzh-, when pronouncing [zh] for a long time, you should still write [zzh]. Eg: squeals(name, unit) - you squeal[zh]i.
As for the combination - ss-, then it is used in the word “quarrel” and words derived from it ( quarrel). You should also write - ss- fundamentally - Ross-: Russia, Western Russian, Little Russia.
It should be remembered that - rus- should be written with one - With-, if there is no suffix after it - sk-: Russologist, But Russian. Exception - Belarus.
Don't forget about numbers. So, in the word “eleven” the root is written double n. The thing is that the lexeme came from the phrase eleven(ten).
At the junction of prefix and root
Words with double consonants at the junction of a prefix and a root are quite numerous in the Russian language. There are several rules to consider here.
Firstly, if the first sound of the root is voiced, at the end of the prefix it is necessary to use the letter denoting the voiced sound: starless, provoke, threshold.
Here, too, alternation plays an important role, so the word “heartburn” will not be written double and(even though it can be heard) because there is a special alternation.
And the exact opposite principle: a double voiceless consonant is used if the root begins with a voiceless consonant: b sleeplessness,disperse, shameless, run out. It is important to adhere to the basic principle of using double consonants: they can only be used in pairs, and never in threes. If it involves the confluence of three identical letters side by side, one of them is truncated.
Let's look at an example: quarreled. This word is derived from the verb quarreled using the attachment dis-. Accordingly, there should be three in a row With: two from the root argue and one from the console dis-. However, according to the well-known principle of spelling, one of them is truncated.
It should be remembered that in the word “calculation” one is written With. The same rule applies to derived words, for example: prudent, calculated.
In the suffix
Words with double consonants in the suffix are adjectives and participles. So, words like provocative or cranberry will be written with double n. It's all about the suffixes - enn- And - he N-.
Let's give an example of 3 more words with double consonants in the suffix: constitutional, positional, revolutionary. Please note that all these adjectives are formed from s from nouns to - tion: constitution, position, revolution.
Two -n- have three exception words in the suffix: glass, tin, wood.
In adjectives starting with - bathed and derivatives from them (for example, adverbs) are also written double - n-(exception words - forged, chewed): stuffed, pampered, uprooted, excited (excitedly),
As for participles, the suffix occurs in these parts of speech -nn-. It takes place if the word in front of us is in the past tense. People often get confused with this rule, because data can be distinguished from verbal adjectives, which are written with one letter n.
Let's look at similar words with double consonants. Examples are: read book book read all evening(participle) - finished book(participle). Another example: wounded soldier(verbal adjective) - soldier wounded in heavy battle(participle) - wounded soldier.
Looking at these examples, it is easy to conclude that the double participle -n- A suffix is distinguished by the presence of dependent words or prefixes. These signs may be present both collectively and individually: soldier wounded in heavy battle.
At the border between root and suffix
Words with double consonants can have them at the junction of the root and the suffix. This applies, first of all, to adjectives and adverbs formed from them. Teachers claim that this rule is where students get confused most often.
For example, let’s look at word-formation chains: fog - foggy - foggy. As you can see, the adjective foggy is formed from a noun whose stem ends in -n-. hence the double consonant in the word, which remains in the adverb formed from the adjective - foggy.
Sleep - sleepy - sleepy- here there is also the formation of an adjective from a noun with a base on -n- using the same suffix ( sleepy). Moreover, double n is also present in the adverb.
Another case when a double consonant stands at the junction of a root and a suffix - a word with a root -sk-. Only in this version will it be written -ss-. For example: Odessa - Odessa(third -With- cut down according to the principle of the impossibility of combining three identical consonants); Gudermes - Gudermes; Rus - Russian, Kotlas - Kotlas. As you can see, the rule applies to all kinds of toponyms.
Dictionary loanwords
Dictionary words with double consonants, as a rule, belong to the category of foreign languages. It should be remembered that in derivatives of these lexemes the doubled letter remains.
Here are some examples:
- group - group;
- compromise - compromise;
- score - ten points;
- ton - two-ton;
- corrosion - anti-corrosion;
- mass - massive.
Algorithm for writing and transferring
To correctly write a word with a double vowel, you must:
- Determine which part of the word it is in.
- Find out how this word is formed.
- Check if the consonant is at the junction of morphemes.
- Determine the part of speech (participle or verbal adjective).
- Find out the lexical meaning. The fact is that there are words in which the doubled consonant at the junction of the root and the prefix depends on the meaning. These are, for example: fake(copy) - and craft(self-made product). In the first case, two letters d at the junction of morphemes, and in the second - a prefix By-. Another example: run around(run several times) - run around(to be in several places in a short time). In the first word there is a prefix O-, in the second - about-
The hyphenation of words with double consonants obeys the following rule: one letter remains on the line, the second goes to the next one: morning, dedicated, foggy, angry.
Place in school course
In the school course, the topic of double consonants is introduced gradually: in elementary school, children are introduced to dictionary words and their derivatives, such as “group”, “gram”. Also, younger schoolchildren learn the rules for carrying them.
Further, in secondary school, when studying morphology, the topic is introduced when studying the spelling of a particular part of speech. In grades 8-9, the studied material is consolidated, systematized (for example, the topic “N and NN in various parts of speech”), and knowledge is deepened (analysis of the most difficult cases).
It should be noted that in the GIA and Unified State Exam tests one of the questions is always devoted to this topic.
Double consonants at the root or after a prefix are a simple topic. But some words in oral speech include a voiced sound, which displays not one, but two letters in writing. Examples in which doubled consonants occur are presented in the article.
To justify those who do not have one hundred percent literacy (and they are the majority), it is worth saying that the speech that Pushkin used is one of the most difficult in the world. Therefore, spelling rules need to be repeated from time to time. Let's look at the most common spelling mistakes
Double "w"
There are many words in the Russian language whose spelling does not correspond to any rule. So, double “w” is written in the following words:
- burning;
- yeast;
- rein;
- buzz;
- juniper.
But in the case of alternating sounds “zh” and “z” it is written differently. For example, the verb "squeal" comes from the noun "squeal." Therefore, despite the fact that double consonants are heard in oral speech, it is still written “zzh”.
Difficult words
Units of language called compound abbreviations often give rise to doubts when written. If the first part of a word ends with the letter with which the second begins, double consonants occur.
- maternity hospital;
- head physician
These cases should not be confused with words formed from two parts, one of which includes double consonants:
- gramophone record (gramophone record);
- konarmiya (cavalry army).
But if the adjective is formed from a stem in which there are doubled consonants, the above rule is observed. It must be followed when writing other parts of speech. The main condition is that the double consonant precedes the suffix. Below are examples of sentences that contain words with double consonants.
- Gauls- these are tribes that existed in the so-called Gallic period.
- His work was rated five points By five-point system.
- Hunnic bow is a weapon created by nomads who are known in history as Huns.
- After nine participants left the project, it was no longer group, but small group.
- The postman used to use diminutive forms in his speech: letter, telegram, parcel.
Exceptions
But there are lexical units formed from words with double consonants, but which do not fall under the rules given above. These exceptions need to be remembered.
- crystal, but crystalline;
- Finnish, but Finnish;
- column, but column;
- a ton, but five ton.
Exceptions include derivatives from proper names.
- In those distant times she was not yet Alloy Petrovna is a formidable and powerful woman, but stupid and naive Alcoy.
- One of the characters in Furmanov's work was a girl named Anna, better known as " Anka-machine gunner.”
- His name was Philip. And of all the works of classical literature, he most disliked Tolstoy’s story “ Filipok».
At the junction of prefix and root
In such cases, words with double consonants are written. But this rule also has exceptions. In words such as appeal or fake, the prefix ends with the letter with which the root begins.
You should not confuse the spelling of the verbs “give in” and “give in.” In the first case we are talking about an action that can be expressed as follows: “to be influenced, to agree”, in the second - “to go”.
Words of foreign origin
The spelling of borrowings must be checked using a spelling dictionary. Or study foreign languages. After all, words such as abbreviation, accommodation and application are of Latin origin. No need to study. Derivations from many Latin words are found in modern English, German and French.
Those who do not want to spend time on the grammar and phonetics of a foreign language need to memorize the spelling of foreign words. Below are sentences that contain borrowings with double consonants.
- Aggression often becomes a consequence of alcohol poisoning.
- Symptoms acclimatization manifest themselves differently in each person.
- In this store you can buy not only clothes, but also various accessories.
- Ammonia has a high level of toxicity.
- Finishing is a complex and time-consuming process.
- A method that involves replacing some objects with others is called approximation.
- Collegiateassessor, who lived next door, was a mysterious, secretive person.
- The witch brewed fragrant potions and prepared strange essences.
- There were many in the city waste heaps, to which visitors often mistook for real mountains.
- Representatives of the Russian intelligentsia in search of salvation they were forced to leave their homes.
Borrowings with one consonant
There are also a number of words of foreign origin that do not have double consonants, but for some reason it is in their spelling that mistakes are often made:
- attribute;
- balustrade;
- dealer;
- amateur;
- impresario;
- wolverine.
And finally, a well-known word that contains double consonants in the root: quarrel. Of course, in the verb derived from it there is no need to write three letters “s” (to quarrel). Words formed according to this scheme can contain only two consonants.
Russian language is a basic subject at school. But over the years, the skills acquired in childhood and adolescence are lost. In writing texts, seemingly educated people often make serious mistakes. Not everyone can answer the question of in what cases it is necessary to write double consonants. And only a select few are gifted with the so-called innate sense of language. Therefore, the rules of the Russian language must be repeated throughout your life.
II. DOUBLE CONSONANTS
§ 58. Double consonants are written when combining a prefix and a root, if the prefix ends and the root begins with the same consonant, for example: support, vestibule, introduce, wipe off, pour out, restore, lawless, counter-revolution.
§ 59. Double consonants are written when combining the constituent parts of complex abbreviated words, if one part ends and the other begins with the same consonant, for example: Mossovet, chief physician.
§ 60. Double n and double s are written when combining a root and a suffix, if the root ends and the suffix begins with a consonant n or s:
with the suffix -n-, for example: long (length), ancient (antique), stone (stone), domain (domain), legal (law), temporary (basis of tenses-);
with the suffix -sk-, for example: Kotlas (Kotlas), Arzamas (Arzamas), Russian (Rus), but: Tartu (Tartu), Hankou (Hankow);
with the suffix -stv-: art (cf. skillful).
Double s is also written in past tense verbs when combining stems -s with the reflexive particle -sya, for example: saved, rushed.
Note. Double n is written in the numeral eleven.
§ 61. Double n is written in the suffixes -enn-, -onn- of adjectives formed from nouns, for example: straw, painful, cranberry, artificial, internal, bucket, peculiar, dining, revolutionary, positional.
Note. In the word windy and in its derivatives one n is written, but in prefix formations it is written -nn- (windless, leeward).
Adjectives with the suffix -yan- (-an-), formed from nouns, are written with one n, for example: hair, wood, clay, leather. The adjectives wooden, tin, glass are written with double n.
With one n the suffix -in- is written in adjectives, for example: nightingale, chicken, living room, as well as in the noun hotel.
[proposed amendments 2000, paragraph 4]< pravila.html?proekt.htm >
§ 62. Double n is written in passive past participles, for example: reports read at a ceremonial meeting; a soldier wounded by an enemy bullet; collective farm, organized in 1930; a detachment reinforced by two companies; deputies elected to the Supreme Council.
< pravila.html?proekt.htm >
§ 63. Double n is written in all adjectives formed from passive past participles (or according to their type), if these adjectives have prefixes or end in -ovanny, -evanny (except chewed and forged), for example: the patient has been prescribed enhanced nutrition, a volume of selected works of Pushkin has been published, sublime style, inscribed triangle, aged wine, trusted person, temperate climate, refined manners, abstract question, absent-minded student, worn dress, used books, tear-stained face, rusty key, risky step, spoiled child, uprooted plot .
But with one n you should write adjectives formed from passive participles of the past tense (including complex ones, see § 80, paragraph 2< pravila.html?def_3.htm >), if these adjectives do not have a prefix and are not formed from verbs in -ovat, -evat, for example: scientific works, wounded border guards, torn clothes, smoked sausage, boiled milk, dried fish, slaked lime, pickled cucumbers, soaked apples, steamed potatoes, plain dyed fabric.
The words desired, sacred, unexpected, unprecedented, unheard of, unexpected and some others, defined in dictionary order, are written with two n.
[proposed amendments 2000, paragraph 5]< pravila.html?proekt.htm >
§ 64. Double n is written in adverbs starting with -o and in nouns with the suffixes -ik, -its-, -ost, formed from adjectives if the latter are written with two n, for example: accidentally, unheard of, excitedly, excitement (excited); confidently, confidence (confident); good manners, pupil, teacher (well-mannered); protégé (installed); captive (captive); birthday boy (birthday); sennik (hay); korennik (indigenous); in-law (inherent).
If the adjective has one n, then the adverbs and nouns formed from it are written with one n, for example: confused, confused, confused (confused); learned, erudition (scientist); hemp (hemp); silversmith (silversmith). Also, with one n the words silver (in the meaning of a coin) and bessrebrenik (unselfish person) are written.
§ 65. Double n is written as plural. h. and in feminine and neuter gender units. including short adjectives formed from passive past participles, the full form of which is double n, for example: the groups are disciplined and organized; the girl is well-mannered and smart; they are very absent-minded.
Short passive participles are written with one n, for example: broken, broken, broken, broken; the young man was raised as a Komsomol member; the girl is pampered by her upbringing; we are limited by time; The students are organized into a group.
§ 66. The double w is written in the words reins, yeast, juniper, zhuzhat and in derivatives from them, as well as in some formations from the verb to burn, for example: zhzhesh, burns, burnt, burning, zhzhenka.
If there is an alternation zg - zzh, zd - zzh, you should write not double zh, but zzh, for example: grumble (grump), cerebellum (brain), arrive (arrival), later (old. late, modern. late), clutter up (clutter up ), as well as to disdain (cf. old disdain - “dawn”).
§ 67. More than two identical consonants in a row are not written, even if this is required, by the composition of the word, for example: quarrel (ras + quarrel), Odessky (Odessa + sky), Prussian (Prussian + sky), five-tonny (five-ton + ny).
§ 68. The spelling of double consonants in foreign words is determined in dictionary order, for example: irrigation, corrosion, cassation, excess, essence, but: poster, letter, official, etching, report.
§ 69. In words formed from stems ending in two identical consonants, double consonants before suffixes are preserved, for example: group - group, group; program - program, software, kilowatt - kilowatt, Calcutta - Calcutta; class - cool, Hun - Hun, point (unit of assessment measure) - five-point; Gall - Gallic; libretto - librettist.
But it is written: crystal (although crystal), finka, Finnish (although Finn), columns (although column), five-tonka (although ton), operetta (although operetta).
Note. In the first part of compound words, which is a stem ending with a double consonant, only one consonant is written, for example: gramophone, grupkom.
Rules of the Russian language. 2012
See also interpretations, synonyms, meanings of the word and what II is. DOUBLE CONSONANTS in Russian in dictionaries, encyclopedias and reference books:
-
Open Orthodox encyclopedia "TREE". Chronology of the Centenary: I - II - III 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 … - CONSONANTS
- CONSONANTS
speech sounds that are combined in a syllable with vowels and, in contrast, do not form the apex of the syllable. Acoustically, S. have a relatively smaller... - CONSONANTS
sounds (lat. consonantes) - A current definition, inherited from ancient grammatical theory and expressed in a Latin term, received in translation ... - CONSONANTS in the Modern Encyclopedic Dictionary:
- CONSONANTS in the Encyclopedic Dictionary:
speech sounds, opposed to vowels and consisting of voice and noise ([m], [r]) or only noise ([b], [g]), which is formed in ... - CONSONANTS
CONSONANTS, speech sounds, opposed to vowels and consisting of voice and noise or only noise, which is formed in the oral cavity, where ... - DOUBLE in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
DOUBLE STARS, two stars revolving elliptically. orbits around a common center of mass under the influence of gravitational forces. Based on observation methods, they distinguish... - CONSONANTS in the Complete Accented Paradigm according to Zaliznyak:
consonants, consonants, consonants, consonants, consonants, ... - CONSONANTS in the Linguistic Encyclopedic Dictionary:
- a class of speech sounds that are opposite in their properties to vowels. Articulatory properties C: obligatory presence of an obstruction in the vocal tract; with acoustic ... - CONSONANTS
speech sounds, opposed to vowels and consisting of voice and noise or only noise that is formed in the oral cavity, where the stream ... - ALEXANDER II NIKOLAEVICH in the Orthodox Encyclopedia Tree:
Open Orthodox encyclopedia "TREE". Alexander II, Nikolaevich, Liberator (1818 - 1881), All-Russian Emperor (from February 19, 1855), ... - DOUBLE STARS in the Big Encyclopedic Dictionary:
- EXPLOSIVE CONSONANTS in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
consonants [from ex... and lat. plaudo (plodo) - I hit, I clap], a type of stop consonants in which all three phases are realized... - PHYSICAL BINARY STARS in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
double stars, double stars in which the components are connected by mutual gravitational forces and revolve around a common center of mass. Besides the majority... - NASAL CONSONANTS in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
consonants, nasal consonants, consonants pronounced with the soft palate lowered, i.e., with the nasal resonator turned on; see Nasalization of sounds, Consonants... - IMPLOSIVE CONSONANTS in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
consonants [from lat. in (im) - in, inside and plaudo (plodo) - hit, clap], closed consonants, relaxed consonants, in articulation ... - DOUBLE STARS in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
stars, two stars close to each other in space and constituting a physical system, the components of which are connected by forces of mutual gravity. The components are addressed... - FREDERICK II THE GREAT in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
King of Prussia (1740-86), one of the most prominent figures in the history of the 18th century, famous as a sovereign and writer, as a commander and ... - CONSONANTS in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
(Latin plosivae, German Verschlusslaute) - consonants formed by complete closure, or closure (Latin plosio, German Verschluss), of the speech organs, making the outflow ... - FREDERICK II THE GREAT
? King of Prussia (1740?1786), one of the most prominent figures in the history of the 18th century, famous as a sovereign and writer, as a commander... - CONSONANTS in the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedia:
(lat. plosivae, germ. verschlusslaute) ? consonants formed by complete closure, or shutter (Latin plosio, German Verschluss), of the speech organs, causing the outflow ... - CONSONANT SOUNDS
Speech sounds, consisting either of noise alone, or of voice and noise, which is formed in the oral cavity, where the exhaled breath from ... - UNPAIRED CONSONANTS in the Dictionary of Linguistic Terms:
1) Consonants without deafness-voicing correlation. Unpaired voiced consonants: (l, l’), (m, m’), (n, n’), (p, p’), (j); unpaired deaf... - DOUBLE STARS in the Modern Explanatory Dictionary, TSB:
two stars revolving in elliptical orbits around a common center of mass under the influence of gravitational forces. According to observation methods, visual double stars are distinguished... - POPES in the Orthodox Encyclopedia Tree:
Open Orthodox encyclopedia "TREE". List of Roman bishops The opinion that the founder of the Roman see, who occupied it from 42 to 67, ... - PAPACY in the Orthodox Encyclopedia Tree.
- CONSTANTINOPLE ORTHODOX CHURCH in the Orthodox Encyclopedia Tree:
Open Orthodox encyclopedia "TREE". This article contains incomplete markup. The Orthodox Church of Constantinople is the Local Autocephalous Church. Another official name... - GEORGIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH in the Orthodox Encyclopedia Tree:
Open Orthodox encyclopedia "TREE". Georgian Orthodox Church - Local Autocephalous Church. Another official name is the Georgian Patriarchate. Georgian... - ANTIOCHE ORTHODOX CHURCH in the Orthodox Encyclopedia Tree:
Open Orthodox encyclopedia "TREE". The Antiochian Orthodox Church, according to legend, was founded around 37 by the Apostle Paul and Barnabas in Antioch... - RUSSIA, SECTION A BRIEF SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF SOUND AND FORMS OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE
During the centuries-old existence of the Russian language, its sounds and forms, its syntactic structure and lexical composition have undergone significant changes. Follow... - RUSSIA, SECTION HISTORY OF RUSSIAN LITERATURE (BIBLIOGRAPHY) in the Brief Biographical Encyclopedia:
Literature. General essays. The beginnings of literary history, lists of writers. Johannis Petri Kohlii, "Introductio in historiam et rem litterariam Slavorum" (Altona, 1729); ... - MARI LANGUAGE in the Literary Encyclopedia:
one of the Finno-Ugric languages. Belongs to the Finnish group of these languages. (along with the Baltic-Finnish, Lapp, Mordovian, Udmurt and Komi languages). Distributed... - GRAPHIC ARTS in the Literary Encyclopedia:
DEFINITION OF THE CONCEPT. The set of systems of acoustic-articulatory signs of oral or spoken speech, denoted by the term phonetics, is opposed to g., as a set of systems of optical signs, ... - UNICURSAL CURVE in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
curve (from uni- and lat. cursus - run, path) (math.), a flat curve that can be specified by parametric equations x j ... - PAPACY in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
the religious monarchical center of the Catholic Church, headed by the Pope (who is considered in Catholicism as the successor of the Apostle Peter). The Pope is elected for life... - STARS in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
self-luminous celestial bodies consisting of hot gases, similar in nature to the Sun. The sun seems incomparably larger than the west only thanks to... - REPRODUCTION in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
the process of production considered in continuous movement and renewal. Includes V. material goods, V. labor power and V. industrial relations. IN. … - ALUMINUM ALLOYS in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
alloys, aluminum-based alloys. The first A. s. received in the 50s. 19th century; they were an alloy of aluminum with... - ZINC in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
I (French, English Zinc, German Zink; chemical symbol Zn, at. weight 65.4). - Although alloys of C. (for example, with copper - ... - PHONETICS in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
(from Greek ????????? = sound, voice) - a department of linguistics that studies the sound side of language. This term is not precise and defined enough. ... - AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
got their name because very often their derivatives have a pleasant odor and are found in various resins, essential oils and ...
Goals:
- Strengthen the spelling and pronunciation of words with double consonants,
- Enrich children's vocabulary
- Develop spelling vigilance, oral coherent speech, thinking operations: analysis, comparison, classification.
- Develop personal communication skills, the ability to work in a group, and conduct a constructive educational dialogue.
Equipment:
- textbook L.V. Kibireva “Russian language” 2nd grade, 2 hours – M.: LLC “Russian Word”;
- laptop, projector
During the classes
1. Psychological mood of students.
The bell rang loudly
The lesson begins.
We listen, we remember,
We don't waste a minute.
2. Updating students' knowledge.
2.1 - Write down today's date.
(Put emphasis on the words, name the spellings you encounter.)
2. 2 Minutes of penmanship.
To find out what letter we will write during the penmanship minute, guess the riddle:
A warm wave splashes
On the banks of cast iron.
Guess, remember:
What kind of sea is in the room? (bath)
Which sound in the answer takes a long time to pronounce? ( n)
What letters represent this sound in writing? (nn)
These are the letters we will be practicing today.
Where do we start writing the letter n? (top to bottom) (Slide 2)
3. Work on the topic of the lesson.
Who guessed what we will be working on today?
Yes, we will work with words with double consonants.
1. Selective work (Slide 3)
Write down words with double consonants, highlight the spelling.
Ask without raising your tone:
Which is greater: a hundredweight or ton?Salt and grains needed
To cook porridge for groups.Who gets the low point,
He won't come to the school ball.If there is a lot of litter in the house,
The house might catch fire argument.It’s more pleasant to find a mushroom under the tree,
How to get a sore throat or flu.
Checking written words.
2. Work according to the drawing. Notebook for the textbook “Russian language” p.8 exercise 9
(Look at the picture, find objects on it whose names have double consonants. Write them down, separating them with a dash) (Slide 4)
Remember how words with double consonants are translated?
3. Check.
Answer: cash-sa, passenger, count-li, ten-nis, antenna-na, trolleybus, per-ron, alley, shos-se.
(Slide 5)
4. Physical education minute (EYE GYMNASTICS) (Slide 6-11)
5. Work according to the textbook(p. 14 exercise 21)
Children read the task. One student does it at the board, the rest do it in their notebooks.
6. Game “Which words have double consonants missing?”(Slide 12- 13)
(Work according to options: the first option - writes words with double consonants - ss, bb, rr; the second option - with double consonants - pp, ll, nn, mm, zhzh)
1 option Option 2 Russia group story million highway ton Russian cavalry pool grammar Saturday rein platform yeast terrace buzzes territory
7. Linguistic task.
Identify words with double consonants by ear.
Ella, Nona, bath, class,
Quarrel, tennis and story,
Passenger, highway, program,
Group, cash register, telegram.
We hear these words
And we write with a double consonant.
Do you know names that also have double consonants? Name them. (Alla, Anna, Violetta, Rimma, Zhanna, Kirill)
8. Lesson summary
Guys, which of you liked the lesson?
What interesting things did you learn during the lesson? What words did you come across? (Slide 14)
9. Homework
t. S. 10 exercise 11 (Maybe someone will also compose couplets)
“Early spring came unexpectedly, silver streams ran along the sloppy paths. Winged wanderers have returned from distant lands, these feathered workers tirelessly build their nests.”
The spring picture conveyed by this text makes us remember the rules for writing double consonants.
Double consonants in borrowed words
If the spelling of double consonants in a word cannot be checked in any way, then they are called double. These words must be memorized. As this rule requires, we remember the words with double consonants given below.
1. Some proper names: Alla, Anna, Vassa, Inessa, Ella, Rimma, Kirill, Savva.
2. Borrowed words: terrace, ton, effect, tennis, repression, program, column, correspondent, assembly, alley, ball, etc.
3. Some original Russian words: Russia, burns, buzzes, yeast, quarrel.
4. In all words that are the same root as the above.
Differences between words with different numbers of consonants
When some words have one consonant and others have double consonants, the rules are as follows:
1. If the roots of words differ in the number of consonants, then these are most likely different words with different lexical meanings:
2. There are cases when the number of identical letters does not affect the lexical meaning of words: Alla - Alka, crystal - crystal, art - skillful, correspondent - junkor, column - column, Finn - Finnish, ton - five-tonka.
There are no double consonants
If we take, for example, the word “aluminium”, then it contains one letter “l”. Remember words that do not have double consonants. Example words:
Hyphenation of words with double consonants
Usually words are transferred into syllables: ma-shi-na. The rules for transferring double consonants are as follows:
- Part of the word with one consonant remains on one line, and part of the word with the second consonant is transferred to another: column-na, tone-na, Al-la, Russia.
- If possible, transfer words with doubled consonants in a place where there is no doubled consonant: art, terrace, correspondent.
- permanent;
- fearless;
- selfless;
- toothless;
- lawless;
- to provoke;
- razzyava;
- story;
- become angry;
- pickle;
- dissect;
- dry up;
- be pinched with cold;
- vestibule;
- give in;
- pry;
- thaw;
- outflow;
- beat down;
- enter,
- up;
- entrusted;
- art;
- Russian;
- sailor;
- Novocherkassk;
- picture;
- old;
- true;
- cardboard;
- cup holder;
- windowsill;
- supporter;
- wanderer;
- chosen one;
- pickpocket;
- raspberry;
- aspen tree
- head physician;
- maternity hospital
- proceed - walked;
- paint - painted;
- write - written;
- expel - expelled;
- desire - desired;
- buy - purchased;
- uproot - uprooted;
- elect - chosen;
- heat up - red-hot;
- fry - toasted;
- wake up - awakened;
- delimit - delimited;
- print - printed;
- draw - drawn;
- interrogate - interviewed;
- grab - grabbed.
- sincere - sincerely;
- accidental - accidentally;
- beautiful - wonderful;
- interesting - interesting.
- bubbling...chewing liquid;
- the iron began to rattle;
- drive across the bridge;
- annoying and...burning;
- release the trap;
- ra..complain to mom;
- you...married land;
- a well-dressed horse;
- see...screaming child.
- The snow has already melted.
- The banks are...heated in the spring.
- The sun mercilessly eats up the snow drifts.
- The rays... pitilessly burn the yellowed fields.
- The streams... dried up.
- The travelers walked along the road…holding each other.
- Everyone sat around the fire.
- It’s a pleasure to walk with a filled bucket along a barely visible path to the hut.
- He liked everything here and delighted him: how large drops splashed, falling from the leaves of the trees, how peacefully the fire crackled and the breathtaking smell of the forest soil.
- My grandmother collected herbs: St. John's wort, plantain, fern, and always told me about their healing, mysterious properties.
- His tanned face was furrowed with deep wrinkles.
- The owner spoke unusually tenderly when talking to the pigeons.
- We approach the house and see that the gate is open: it is flapping from the wind, and the latch is torn off... ah.
- The next day the gate was more painted...and its hinges were greased.
- In the park, right at the entrance, there is a wooden bench.
- Near the bench there were new pillars dug in..s.
- The waves lazily crawled onto the sand and slowly crawled away, leaving behind an edge of snow-white foam.
- The dog stood and looked into the distance of the sea, numb, with its tail drooping.
- Grandmother was sitting at the table, silent and slowly chewing bread.
- The dog was huge, with a big head and lion paws.
- It had faded, incredibly wide canvases. s pants.
- The posters were more posted. s all over the city.
- Everyone left, and it was all good. The sullen faces of the footmen flashed in the corridors.
- In the center of the room there was a table covered with cloth. oh the golden tablecloth.
- On the table there are (1) a lot of vases with flowers and a pile of (2) branches, so that the dishes stand as if in a sacrament (3) more often. (3)
- At the end of the nineteenth century, the variable-fill thermometer was invented. Behind such a wise (2) name was hidden a device designed (3) to measure temperature in a small range. (13)
- On a hot day, I sat by a wooden (1) pier and ate ice cream (2) with crushed (3) nuts. (1)
- The peaches (1) laid out on the table, prepared (2) for the compote, are not yet clean. (2)
- The glass (1) doors were loose (2), and their constant (3) ringing merged with the ringing of the chandelier. (13)
- At the end of the long (1) corridor there was a fenced off (2) closet that served as a guest (3). (1)
- The streams have dried up.
- The travelers walked along the road, supporting each other.
- Everyone sat around the fire.
- It’s a pleasure to walk with a filled bucket along a barely visible path to the hut.
- He liked everything here and delighted him: how large drops splashed, falling from the leaves of the trees, how the fire crackled peacefully and the breathtaking smell of the forest soil.
- My grandmother collected herbs: St. John's wort, plantain, fern, and always told me about their mysterious healing properties.
- The owner spoke unusually tenderly when talking to the pigeons.
- There is a wooden bench in the park right at the entrance.
- The waves lazily crawled onto the sand and slowly crawled away, leaving behind an edge of snow-white foam.
- The dog stood and looked into the distance of the sea, numb, with its tail drooping.
- Grandmother was sitting at the table, silent and slowly chewing bread.
- bb - pp- Saturday, group, troupe, apparatus
- ff- differentiate
- kk— neat, accordion, hockey
- ss- profession, art, Russian
- tt- attraction, certificate
- pp- terrace, platform
- LJ- buzzing, burning
- ll- collection, alley, million
- mm- grammar, kilogram
- nn— bath, column, lemon
Unfortunately, even adults sometimes make mistakes, or don’t know how to correctly pronounce such words. To prevent confusion from happening to you, let's discuss in what cases hyphenation of words with double consonants is unacceptable. Examples:
In addition, the rules for transferring double consonants prohibit transferring words with one vowel sound: class, score, burns.
At the junction of morphemes
When the end of a prefix and the beginning of a root, the end of a root and the beginning of a suffix, or a suffix are the same letter, double consonants appear. The rules dictate the following spelling:
Doubled consonants appear when adding abbreviated stems:
In adjective suffixes
In the Russian language, one of the most complex spelling patterns is one and two letters N in suffixes, which are found in words of different parts of speech. Let's consider spelling -n- And -nn- in adjectives. And the table will help us with this.
Double consonants. Rules for adjectives
In-: wasp, eagle, falcon;
An-(-yan-): linen, leather;
Onn-: station, lecture;
Enn-: cranberry, straw;
There are several exceptions to this rule: windy (windless), glass, tin, wood.
Particularly worth mentioning are words that are formed without a suffix:
In participle suffixes
To apply the rule correctly, words with doubled participle consonants must be distinguished from adjectives. They are formed from verbs:
Spelling double consonants. Rule for participles with one letter N
In short participles
All tasks have been completed.
In imperfect participles without dependent words and prefixes
Spelling doubled consonants with two letters N
There are dependent words
A bench painted yesterday.
Words to remember: unprecedented, unexpected, unexpected, unexpected, unread.
In adverb suffixes
The same amount is written in adverb words N, how much is in the generating word. This is the simplest rule. Words with double consonants with this spelling exist in the Russian language along with those written with one letter:
Now that the topic “Double Consonants” has been studied, the rules are familiar and understandable, you can check how high the level of mastery of the educational material is.
A. Point. B. Group. B. Class. G. Alley. D. Gallery.
2. What is the answer to the question: “How to transfer a word?” will it be true?
A. You need to leave both letters on the line.
B. Leave one letter on the line and move the other.
B. Both letters need to be moved to the next line.
3. Answer: is it possible to check double consonants?
A. Definitely need to check.
A. Saturday. B. Telegram. B. Story. G. Hockey.
5. In what word are LJ written? Write it _____________________
beech a(l/ll)ya, television(n/nn)aya ante(n/nn)a, dra(m/mm)atic co(l/ll)izia, friendly co(l/ll)ective, interesting piece (s/ss)a, seizing (n/nn) that (r/rr)history, (s/ss)fighting with friends, old dro(f/lj)s, showing gu(m/mm)anism, krista (l/ll) honesty, submit a(p/pp)e(l/ll)ation, a(l/ll)yuminium alloy, inventive art(s/ss)tvo, a(k/kk)urately decompose, talk intelligently, go to the opera(t/tt)u, Ma(s/ss)onskaya lodge, am fond of be(l/ll)ethristics, a(p/pp)etite pie, art(n/ nn)aya ga(l/ll)ery.
Assignments in GIA format
3. Select the sentences in which the numbers are correctly indicated, in the place of which NNs are missing.
1. Which word is spelled incorrectly?
B. No, you need to remember.
4. Which word has a double consonant rather than a double one?
5. In what word are LJ written? Write it: scorched.
6. One or two letters are missing in brackets:
Beech alley, television antenna, dramatic collision, art gallery, friendly team, interesting play, captured territory, quarrel with friends, old yeast, show humanism, crystal honesty, appeal, aluminum alloy, inventive art, neatly laid out, intelligently talk, go for an operetta, a Masonic lodge, I am fond of fiction, a delicious pie.
1. Which sentences contain words that are written with double consonants?
2. Which sentences contain words with two letters N?
The answers to the third task are given in the text itself, in brackets.
Words with double (double) consonants
A long consonant sound in a word is often represented in writing by using two identical consonant letters. Such consonants are called double (double).
The following consonants can be double in words:
Double consonants can stand:
- At the beginning of the word - burning
- In the middle of the word is a worldview
- At the end of the word - kilogram
Double consonants are written at the junction of prefix and root: perpetual, view, support
Double consonants can be at the junction of root and suffix: fireplace, lemon.
Double consonants can be found at the very root: arts o, gram.
The spelling of double consonants needs to be memorized or, if in doubt, consult a spelling dictionary.
Usually, where a long sound is heard, double consonants are written. However, there are a number of exceptions that you need to know: gallery, imitation.
! Pay attention:
Doubled consonants refer to alone syllable: quarrel, chew-burn.
When hyphenating words with double consonants, these letters are separated: Saturday, appetit.
“Spelling words with double consonants. Composition of the word. Generalization" (grade 3)
Hurry up to take advantage of discounts of up to 60% on Infourok courses
“Spelling words with double consonants.
Primary school teacher
Moscow region, Chekhov
Lesson topic: “Spelling words with double consonants. Composition of the word. Generalization".
Target: learn to transfer words with double consonants, parse words according to their composition with double consonants; develop attention; cultivate interest in the Russian language.
Subject UUD: will learn to write words with double consonants, distinguish the pronunciation of words with double consonants and correctly designate them in writing.
Regulatory UUD: take into account the rule (algorithm) in planning and controlling the solution method, plan your actions with the help of the teacher when writing double consonants
Communication UUD: take into account different opinions and interests and express your own opinion (position), give reasons for it .
Cognitive UUD: understand information presented in pictorial, graphical form; consciously construct a speech statement in oral and written form.
Personal UUD: awareness of one's ethnicity and nationality; demonstrate cooperation skills, are able to avoid conflicts and find a way out of contentious conflicts.
Lesson type: generalization and systematization of knowledge
Forms: individual, in pairs
Equipment: computer, interactive whiteboard, each student has cards with text.
I Organizational moment
II Adaptation stage
- Do you remember what spelling we were introduced to and worked on during the last lessons?
— What rules did you get acquainted with?
(A long consonant sound is heard as one, but two letters are written.)
— What other rule did you come across?
(The rule for hyphenating words with double consonants.)
How should words with double consonants be translated?
Checking homework
(Ak - ku - rat - but, al - leya, pool - sein, art - art - st, ki - lo - gram, co - lon - on, honey - flax - but, metal - metal, from - te - nok , ras - skaz, ras - standing - nie, hok - kay, shos - se.)
- What is the word rule?
- Who completed the task?
—Which doubled consonant was most often found in words? Children's answers.
Write a whole line.
Ss Ss Ss Ss Ss Ss Ss Ss Ss
- Write down the word, add stress, highlight the unstressed vowel, divide the word into syllables.
- What spelling was found in the word?
— Explain the meaning of the word apparatus.
The teacher puts cards on the board
for for takes pictures
under the image quickly performs punches for conversation
water at a distance mathematical operations checks at a distance
- Compare the letters when we write a word with a double consonant and the sounds when we pronounce it. What is the difference?
- What conclusion can be drawn?
(We hear a long sound, write two letters)
- Decipher one more word.
K O S R R P O E N D E T N
— Write down the word, dividing it into syllables for transfer, put an emphasis, and highlight the unstressed vowel.
Cor – res – pon – dent
- What spelling was found in the word? How do we translate words with a double consonant?
— Explain who a correspondent is?
(The correspondent writes articles, notes in newspapers and magazines)
— What do you call a correspondent who takes photographs for newspapers and magazines?
Come up with a sentence using the word correspondent.
(The correspondent wrote an interesting article.)
— Highlight the grammatical basis of the sentence. Label the parts of speech above each word.
— What new words did you meet?
— How will you write them? Why?
Lesson topic message
- Who will formulate the topic of today's lesson?
(Spelling of double (double) consonant. Generalization of what has been learned)
III Main stage
Generalization of spelling of words with double consonant
Work with text. Title of the text.
(Children have text on cards)
— Read the article that the correspondent wrote.
Think about how to prove that this is text.
The text is given on the interactive board.
“The gorge had an amazingly picturesque and festive look! The mountains that formed it stood either as vertical walls or ran down into ledges. Despite the late autumn, it seemed as if you were driving through some fairy-tale garden. The bottom of the gorge was a wide road covered with sand. On its sides grew groups of large poplars intertwined with some kind of climbing plant. In some places there were plantings of luxurious rose hips with long white thorns, like cat claws.
- What type of text is it?
-What does the text say?
Name the topic of the text.
— Write the title in your notebook.
The text contains words with missing letters. What rule do you need to know to write words correctly?
Write down the words with missing letters. Insert letters. Divide words into syllables for hyphenation. Doubled consonants are highlighted with one line.
- Find words with double consonants in the text.
Sort by composition.
(Sprinkled, long, story)
How can words with double consonants be formed?
(Using prefixes, suffixes)
— What other spelling was found in the text?
(Dividing soft sign)
- Find words for this rule in the text.
- Read the first sentence. Write it off.
Gorge b e – 6 b., 6 stars.
Gorge b it had a chance And Vitel b knife And written and plain d vicious d !
- What kind of sentence is this in terms of the purpose of the statement, in terms of intonation?
— Determine the number of letters and sounds in the word gorge.
— What role does the separating soft sign play in a word?
Find sentences in the text with a soft separator. Write down the sentences. Select spellings.
Bottom of the gorge b I represent A vlyalo sh And fateful d O horn, sprinkles nn uy n e com.
According to Art. oro us her r O sli gru pp s large tons O P O lei, intertwined with some kind of b changing p A sthenia.
— What rules were repeated in class?
IV Creative stage
- Write down the words, dividing them into syllables for transfer.
Employee of a newspaper, magazine.
(Kor – res – pon – dent)
School premises.
Along the valleys, along the spurs
The wide road rushes by
And she, as everyone knows,
Called (shos – se)
Along the road on the sides
Linden trees and maples here and there.
It's more fun for everyone to go here
This path is called (al – leya)
(dress - si - ditch - ka)
Drawings in a magazine, newspaper, book.
(il – lu – str – tion)
- Make up one word for the diagrams with double consonants.
The class has a cool extended one
VI Homework
Write out 10 words with double consonants from the dictionary.
Words With Double Consonants Dictionary
(The object of our research will be words with double consonants at the root) And the etymological dictionary (show) will tell you from which word. Learn words. Double consonants can be in the roots of: Russian words: reins, buzz,; borrowed words: certificate, terrace. Determine the producer.
Spelling double consonants in a word - one of the words with double consonants must be remembered. wa with double consonants): Dictionary p. In 1990, in Moscow, the publishing house 'Russian Language' published his dictionary - the reference book 'Words with double consonants'. Author of tutorials for. Double consonants are written when combining a prefix and a root, if the prefix Double consonants are written when combining the constituent parts of compound words, if one part ends, See dictionaries on Yandex. Double consonants at the root are most often found in borrowed words. Words are written with one consonant: acoustics DICTIONARIES on GRAMMA.
“The double consonant is at the root of the word.” 3rd grade. Presentation for the lesson. Download presentation (1.2 MB). Attention! Slide previews are for informational purposes only and may not represent all the features of the presentation. If you are interested in this work, please download the full version.
The purpose of the lesson: to develop the ability to denote long consonant sounds in writing with letters, and to transfer words with double consonants. Educational. familiarize students with the pronunciation and spelling of the most frequently used words with double letters; introduce the origins of words; promote the development of phonemic awareness (the ability to identify words with double consonants at the root in the text), enrich the vocabulary of children with words with double consonants, teach the exact use of words depending on their lexical meaning; develop memory, attention, thinking, observation, ability to draw conclusions and generalize; develop communication skills through work in pairs and groups, assessment and self-assessment of activities;
Educational. to cultivate interest in the Russian language, the need to take advantage of linguistic wealth; improve the ability to listen and hear, working in groups, foster mutual understanding and mutual assistance. educational training; activity (game moment);. taking into account age characteristics. Organization and self-organization of educational and cognitive activities:.
verbal (story, conversation); practical (exercises); research;. information and communication. Stimulation and motivation (game moment, getting “5” when completing tasks). Control and self-control:. oral and written;
frontal and group; Student independence:. under the guidance of a teacher; independent learning activities. Teaching methods: observation of linguistic phenomena (comparison, identification). Equipment: interactive whiteboard, computer, presentation, cards for independent work, sheets with tasks in groups, etymological dictionary, dictionary of foreign words. For students - cards “Research group No. 1”, No. 2, No. 3; No. 4; 2 squares - yellow and green (to evaluate your work in class).
Type of lesson for educational purpose: lesson of discovering new knowledge. Type of lesson: lesson-research (problematic-dialogical). Form of work: collective, in pairs, in groups. Organizing time. Motivation.
Calligraphy. Creating a situation leading to the formulation of a learning task.
Introduction to the game plot. Work on the topic of the lesson. Physical education minute. Work in groups. Lesson summary. Reflection.
Homework. Questions and assignments: during the lesson. I. Organizational moment. Emotional mood for the lesson.
– Let’s start the Russian language lesson. Tell the secrets of the word (SLIDE 3). I am always ready for you. But in class, be prepared. – Guys, are you ready to make new discoveries? Then let's get to work. Recording the date of the lesson in your notebooks.
– Open your notebooks, indent two lines from your homework, write down the number on the third. Today is the fourteenth of February.
Classwork. II.
Calligraphy. Updating knowledge. (A minute of penmanship becomes a “bridge” to the topic.)
– Can we say that these are syllables? (No, they consist of two consonants, and the syllable must have a vowel). – Which letter could be extra? (P – denotes a voiceless consonant). – Write down these connections in your notebook in alphabetical order, while observing the height of the letters and the slope. - In what order did you write the letters? (l, m, p, r).
1) Where there is a board and desks. So that all the children can sit down at once. 3) Along the sides of the road. Linden trees and maples here and there.
It's more fun for everyone to go here. This path is called... (alley). – Look at what is interesting about these words, what is unusual about them. – Write these words in your notebook on the next line, separated by commas. – Underline the letters that are repeated in these words. III. Setting a learning task.
– Today we will go to a city called (SLIDE 5) DOUBLE CONSONANTS. Today you will not just be travelers, but explorers. – What do you think could be the object of research in this city? (The object of our research will be words with double consonants at the root). – What spellings of the root do we know? (Unstressed vowel, paired consonant, unpronounceable consonant). – Is there a rule for spelling an unstressed vowel at the root of a word? (You can change the word so that it is stressed).
For example, …. – About the spelling of paired consonants? (Change the word so that there is a vowel sound after it). For example, …. – About an unpronounceable consonant? (Change the word so that the unpronounceable consonant is heard clearly). For example, …. Problematic question: How to check the spelling of words with a double consonant? (SLIDE 14). - How do we determine whether a word is a resident of the city of Double Consonants? (Children's assumptions).
– Is there a general rule about writing double consonants at the root of a word? – For your research to be successful, what do you need to be like? (Active, attentive, help each other). – What goals should we set for ourselves? (Learn to write words with double consonants at the root of the word, learn to see them in the text). IV.
Exercise for the eyes (SLIDE). V. Work on the topic of the lesson. 1. Exercise in writing words with double consonants. Each group receives a sheet with suggestions: Auditory dictation.
"Listen and tell me." (The goal is to observe words that sound similar and explain their spelling). Determining the lexical meaning of words. – Determine by ear which words that sound similar should have double consonants and which ones should not. 1) If there is a lot of (s, ss) ora in the house. A (s, ss) ora might break out in the house.
– What are the similarities and differences between the words litter and quarrel? Give a synonym for the word rubbish. – Explain their meaning (litter - garbage, quarrel - discord, disagreement).
Writing double consonants in the roots of words
In the Russian language, in a number of words there is a double spelling of consonants at the root.
Double consonants in words of original Russian origin
In words of original Russian origin double consonants are written "LJ" fundamentally:
These spellings should be distinguished from words in which a combination of consonants is written "zzh", which sounds like a long [ and‘]:
At the root of these words there is an alternation of combinations of consonants "zg" And "zzh":
Double "ss" written in the roots of words “ss ora”, “quarrel”, “Russia”, “Russian” and other similar words.
Writing double consonants in compound words
Double consonants are written in compound words at the junction of roots if the first part of the word ends and the second begins with the same consonant, for example:
ro dd om, glav vv rach
If the stem of a word ends with the writing of double consonants, then in the derived word two letters are also written before the suffix, for example:
- group pp a - group pp ka;
- telegra mm a - telegra mm ka;
- score - five points;
- program mm a - program mm ka;
- compromise ss - compromise ss.
Exceptions
In Russian spelling there are words - exceptions to the rule of writing double consonants at the root of a word.
Word "crystal" and all its derivatives have double consonant spellings "l":
crystall ic, crystall ic, crystallize,
crystal, crystal, crystal, crystalline.
Let's continue this list of exception words:
In words borrowed from other languages, we remember the spelling of double consonants, for example:
trainer, merchandiser, ss istent, ap arat, terrace, ballada, effect, annul, o pposition, symmetry, perron, rack, ress ora, te nn is, troll eybus.
If there is any difficulty, check their spelling in a spelling dictionary.
It should be remembered that in the following borrowed words only one consonant is written at the root of the word:
address, aluminium, actress, atribute, afera, bal justrada, business, gallery, galeta, humanism, galantery, dessert, and imitation, impre sario, caloria, cavalry, caricature, corridor, privilege, producer, race, race ist, panorama, pudding etc.
Video lesson “Words with double consonants. Hyphenation of words with double consonants"
Double consonants. Words with double consonants.
In Russian, words with double consonants in the root are found quite often in foreign words, as well as in some Russian words. Most often in Russian words, a doubled consonant occurs at the junction of a root and a suffix, as well as at the junction of a prefix and a root.
Double consonants in roots
The roots of Russian words use only double consonants ss And LJ . There are few such words.
Letters ss written in a word argument and related words derived from it, for example: By ss yell at ss yell; and also in words Ro ss and I(from obsolete Ross), ro ss Iisky, Belor ss and I(But Rus', Belarusian).
Letters LJ are written in words in LJ and, dro LJ and, zhu LJ ah, mo LJ evelnik and related words formed from them, for example: zhu LJ aniye, mo LJ evel. Letters LJ are also written in words and forms derived from the verb burn (tourniquet), For example: LJ meaning, connection LJ tion, LJ eat, LJ yes, with LJ no.
Double consonants at the junction of prefix and root
Double consonants in Russian words are written at the junction of a prefix and a root, if the prefix ends and the root begins with the same consonant, for example: be ss porno, in ss tanning, in zz thinking, according to dd hold on, oh tt imagine.
Notes:
1. With letters ss words formed from the root are written -counts- using the attachment races -, For example: ra ss read, ra ss read. Words with the same prefix and root -even- are written with one With , For example: calculation, prudent(But countless, from no account).
2. Double consonants can occur in suffixes and at the junction of a root and a suffix, for example: traditional nn oh, unity nn oh, sailor ss cue. We will consider these cases later.
Double consonants in foreign words
Most double consonants are found in foreign words, for example: appeal, intellectual, occupant. These words, like words with unverifiable spellings, need to be memorized. Below is a list of the most common words with double consonants.
